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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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saudiara.4
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1991-04-11
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Economy
Overview: By far the most important economic activity is
the production of petroleum and petroleum products. The
petroleum sector accounts for about 85% of budget revenues,
80% of GDP, and almost all export earnings. Saudi Arabia
has the largest reserves of petroleum in the world, is the
largest exporter of petroleum, and plays a leading role
in OPEC. Oil wealth has provided a per capita GDP that is
comparable to most industrialized countries. Saudi Arabia
is one of the few countries where consumer prices have been
dropping or showing little change in recent years.
GDP: $73 billion, per capita $4,720; real growth rate 3.2% (1988).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.5% (1989 est.).
Unemployment rate: 0% (1989 est.).
Budget: revenues $31.5 billion; expenditures $38.1 billion,
including capital expenditures of $NA (1990).
Exports: $24.5 billion (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities--petroleum
and petroleum products 89%; partners--Japan 26%, US 26%, France 6%,
Bahrain 6%.
Imports: $21.8 billion (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities--
manufactured goods, transportation equipment, construction
materials, processed food products; partners--US 20%, Japan 18%,
UK 16%, Italy 11%.
External debt: $18.9 billion (December 1989 est.).
Industrial production: growth rate 6.1% (1980-86).
Electricity: 25,066,000 kW capacity; 50,000 million kWh
produced, 3,100 kWh per capita (1989).
Industries: crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic
petrochemicals, cement, small steel-rolling mill, construction,
fertilizer, plastic.
Agriculture: accounts for about 10% of GDP, 16% of labor
force; fastest growing economic sector; subsidized by government;
products--wheat, barley, tomatoes, melons, dates, citrus fruit,
mutton, chickens, eggs, milk; approaching self-sufficiency in food.
Aid: donor--pledged $64.7 billion in bilateral aid (1979-89).
Currency: Saudi riyal (plural--riyals); 1 Saudi riyal (SR) =
100 halalas.
Exchange rates: Saudi riyals (SR) per US$1--3.7450 (fixed
rate since late 1986), 3.7033 (1986), 3.6221 (1985).
Fiscal year: calendar year.